Power R-ZE with edgeRouter X SFP?

I have a R-ZE and I also have an edgerouter X SFP

I plugged in the R-ZE into eth2 and turned on POE. The only voltage available is 24v. The camera, according to the sticker, requires 12v.

However, the camera is not turning on.

This router is not plug and play so I suspect I need to change some settings but I do not know what settings to change.

Not 12v. You need 48v 802.3AT. Ubiquiti products provide their own proprietary 24v POE that won't power other devices. You need a different POE switch to power your cameras.

The 12v you are reading is for powering it with the barrel jack.

What if I use this version? Can it power up cameras?

Ubiquiti Networks - EdgeRouter™ PoE

I am still within the 30 day return policy to return the edgerouter x.

"Convenient PoE Support The EdgeRouter™ PoE supports 24V or 48V passive PoE"

no. passive is not 802.3at or f.

but you can (perhaps) use a passive POE splitter at the cam to pull passive POE off the ethernet wire and into the cam's 12V barrel connector.
I say perhaps, because there are no real standards around passive POE, so the splitter needs to match the injector (or switch in this case.) keep in mind it will need to convert 24/48v down to 12v or you'll blow up your cam...