It sounds like the PoE switch might be toast..and I'll bet they have no surge protectors protecting the equipment. In regards to knowing what to do and learning, just work your way through the entire system testing every switch, switch port, and camera until you shake out the whole system to determine what works and what doesn't work. You'll need some known good PoE switches and/or some test equipment, preferably that can measure PoE power at the switch ports. If a camera can't get the PoE power it needs then nothing else will matter because it's not going to work.