In the ideal world all of the hardware that generates heat and noise would be installed in the basement. Far away from the occupied living space / sleeping areas. Given basements are not present in all locations for what ever reasons whether high water table to living in an apartment etc.
It starts with researching the hardware in question to determine it’s energy consumption, efficiency, and noise. As others noted almost any fan can be replaced with a quieter one but it should be noted the vast majority of quiet fans simply spin slower and move less air (CFM).
So it’s important to understand and know what the maximum running temps any given hardware will tolerate. Heat by and large is the number one killer of electronics besides dirty power.
So if a quiet environment is preferred than buying anything that is passively cooled should be considered first.
No fans no noise . . .
If something has a fan you could consider a quieter fan but understand the impact of less cooling vs silence. To help offset the potential of increased heat consider using these thermal pads to bridge the outer case to heat generating parts like this;
Anyone who has built a nice PC knows this go to thermal paste:
To using any of the thousands of larger (surface area) heat sinks like these:
Those who get into the extreme of silence go the route of water cooling like this super cheap unit:
I won’t lie I’m not one of those who believe water and electricity is a good mix in a thousand dollar X system no matter if it’s a NVR, PC, switch.
As others noted the room or compartment should be designed and built to address all of these environmental variables of sound, heat, electricity. In my home it started with centralizing everything in the basement far away from the occupied spaces I listed up above.
Next the walls were insulated with Roxul fireproof batts and covered with two layers (staggered) of 5/8” X rated drywall.
All of the hardware was secured to the server rack and extra plates & radiant fins were installed to help absorb and help transfer internal heat through the casing.
Almost every device has some kind of fan and the vast majority never come on or spin up very infrequently due to never getting hot enough to trigger their thermal fan settings. Hot air rises so also have several large fans that are PWM based on temperature and time to keep air movement when required.
I have some specialty hardware that I really wanted to test using old technology that just works while offering secondary uses like this cooler:
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One thing to consider is if something that just generates lots of heat why not harness the same to make electricity and power something else?
I use the above to power a few fans to provide self cooling. The same is used to recharge my cell / tablets for something already present and running!
So the moral of the story is purchase hardware that by default is going to run silent and cool. This is coupled by planning and designing the room to achieve the same where hardware just makes noise.
This doesn’t mean you can’t harness that generated heat and do something with it.